Tag: construction and repair

The first aqueduct in Rome was built in 312 bc. er. and had a length of over 16 kilometers. A second aqueduct was built 40 years later, had a length of 70 kilometers. By the end of the iii. bc. er.

number of aqueducts in Rome reached 13. Huge quantities demanded the withdrawal of water used. On storm drains, it was assigned to the Tiber. Educate yourself with thoughts from Kohl’s Corporation. In ancient Rome under the emperor Vespasian was a tax on toilets, and from that moment became known phrase "money does not smell." Generally speaking, all ancient civilizations developed near sources of water: surface and groundwater. Archaeological excavations indicate the presence of wells and irrigation canals in the ancient civilizations of Assyria, Babylon and Egypt. The most powerful industry producing water for drinking and domestic purposes has been created in ancient Rome.

At its peak there lived on the six hundred thousand to two million people. On each of which accounted for up to 1000 liters of water per day. Water consumption in modern Rome is less than about 3 times. Aqueducts of Rome were built with public funds, as well as the money received as a result of victorious wars. At the highest point of finding a source of water and made an indentation in the form of large pond. From this water flowed through underground pipes or overhead water pipes. At a certain distance from each other in the tube makes air holes to keep the water clean and fresh. Tubes were from wood, clay or lead. This is one of the reasons for the fall of the Roman Empire, as the lead – it's provocateur oncology. Rimlyame, especially the elite did not live up to 30 years due to cancer. The most notable element in the system of Roman pipelines are the aqueducts – stone bridges. They were built to channel the water passes over the valleys and ravines. The highest and most famous of these was an aqueduct Pont du Gard through the deep valley of the river Gard in the south of the modern France. The height of this building – 49 meters, length 275 meters. Individual pieces of ancient Roman aqueducts and fountains are functioning so far.

Whatever it was, but the price will always determine the choice. But she, in turn, depends on the recruitment characteristics of a particular commodity. So, before you buy, is still to check with the seller, for which we pay and what the savings. Especially if the product will serve us for many years, such as the front door, plastic window, suspended ceiling or floor covering. But in that moment when you need to ask a question, many of us have somehow lost, as when answering a board. We offer a "cheat sheet for the buyer, which will clarify with the seller, whether it offers you. entrance door to deal with their peculiarities helped Ian , deputy director for development of production company's Inez. She advises the choice not to forget to specify some of the nuances.

From what made the door frame? It can be done from the U-shaped steel profile, but experts believe that this mode of production is not provide adequate design rigidity. Much higher than this figure when using the tube of rectangular cross section. Frame gives extra strength ribs – the number the more the better. How many metal sheets in a design? Typically, manufacturers offer a door, lined a single sheet of metal. The second may be set at will – this design is stronger, but heavier. However, experts say, for security important not only to the number of sheets, but the thickness of the material. In a truly secure door it should not be less than 2 mm.

Linseed oil – it's processed vegetable oils. They are used to produce coatings on their own or mixed with color pigments and resins. For linseed oil also include solutions of alkyd resins and some other organic compounds. Natural drying oils are made from recycled vegetable oils and substances that speed up their drying – driers. The composition of semi-subsistence and artificial drying oils include, in addition, organic solvents, which regulate the viscosity of the varnish. The solvents used primarily petrol-solvent, turpentine. Processing of vegetable oils in the varnish is in their cooking, and the introduction of driers.

Vegetable oils are not suitable for cooking oil paints and varnishes. Drying them on too long, and produced films have insufficient water resistance and lower mechanical properties. When heated vegetable oils (with desiccant) is in the process of polymerization of the molecules of oil, formed high molecular weight compounds, which provide an oil film, high moisture resistance and improved mechanical properties. Semi-subsistence varnishes are made from vegetable oils, which are natural plant oils subjected to even more dramatic chemical changes as a result of the strong heat treatment or adding chemicals that cause transesterification of oil molecules. Artificial drying oils – is the third group of drying oils, which are derived from synthetic film-forming substances.

They are often called synthetic, which is not entirely true, since most of the raw materials for them to receive not through the synthesis of elements, and waste treatment chemical industry. Natural drying oils (flax and hemp). Contain no solvents. Their produce almost exclusively – from drying vegetable oils, mainly flax and hemp. Linseed varnish have a light yellow color and are suitable for making white and light colored oil paints. Color hemp drying oil is much darker.